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 深入挖掘文本what, why, how.

   What 语篇的主体意义和主要内容。Why 语篇的深层含义，作者或说话人的意图，情感态度或价值取向。How语篇的文体特征，内容结构和语言特征。

            阅读理解        过程全解

1、审视标题，抓住中心。

2、浏览全文，掌握全貌。

3、细读题目，抓住重点。

4、精读文章，掌握细节。

5、理解大意，初选答案。

6、复读全文，核对答案。

阅读技能是英语学科考试主要考查的内容之一，着重考查学生理解各种题材和体裁书面材料的能力，以及从各种材料中获取信息的能力。

具体要求：

能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；

能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；

能找出文章的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；

能读懂相应水平的常见题材的读物；

能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；

能运用字典等工具进行阅读；

课外阅读量累计达15万词以上。

理解文本的具体信息

Which of the following statements is true?/ What can we learn about…?

Why does red mean danger?

概括文章的主旨大意

What’s the passage mainly about?/ Which is the best title for the passage?

推测生词的含义

What does the underlined word mean? / Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word?

预测作者的写作思路

What will the author probably talk about next?

理解作者的观点和态度

What’s the author’s attitude towards…?

鉴赏文章的人物形象

Which of the following words can best describe the old man?...

挖掘文本蕴含的哲理

What lesson can we learn from the passage?

                      Skill  1

考查目标 1：

能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；

Guessing the meaning of the new words.

           According to the context

She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.

Some students may say, “I do the reading exercises even when I sleepwalk, but my reading is still very poor.

          Guessing the meaning using the following words；  but, however

Scientists used to believe that people tamed cats to catch mice and protect the grain. However, cats don’t like to be told what to do!

           Word formation

 Guessing the meaning with the compound(合成词).

Prefix (前缀un-, in-, dis- re- …)

Suffix (后缀 –ment, -ness, -tist, -tion, -ly, -able…)

Unhappy, unlucky, unhelpful, unhealthy, unbelievable, dislike, retell, reuse…

If we add “un” in front of a word, it has an opposite meaning. It doesn’t change its part of speech.

Reasonable, drinkable, eatable, comfortable, changeable, movement, kindness, carelessness…)

If we add “able” at the end of a word, it will turn to be an adjective. It doesn’t change its meaning.

             Definition (定义法，同位语法)

A person who is good at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.

             Result (因果法)

He is such a humorous person that I laugh all the time when I am with him.

The air is humid because it rained just now.

考查目标 2:

能找出文章的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；

能读懂相应水平的常见题材的读物；

                       Skill 2

                     Inferring (推理)

Sometimes we can’t find the answer directly from the passage. So we need to infer the answer.

                   Skills of inferring

1.      Read. Read carefully.

2.      Find. Find the relation between the passage and the question.

3.      Get. Get the meanings that are clearly stated in a text.(揣摩字里行间的言外之意)

1.      According to the text, which one is true?

No one /nobody /all /only

2.      How did the boy feel when he heard that?

3.      What will happen next?

                Passage 1 (2014年中考题)

   In the 19^th and early 20^th centuries, most American students went to a one-room schoolhouse. The youngest children sat in the front, while the oldest students sat in the back. The teacher’s desk stood on a raised platform(讲台) at the front of the room, however, and there was a wood burning stove since there was no other way of burning.

(53). Which of the following best shows what a one-room schoolhouse was like in the late19th century?

考查目标 3:

能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。

Skill 3  （1）

Finding the topic sentences.

中心句概括了该段或该文章大意，其后往往跟着具体的细节和例子。

Passage  (2015年中考题)

House cats still have a lot in common with their wild relatives. Cats sleep a lot to save energy just like wild cats. They will often get food at night as well. House cats are generally peaceful and friendly, but be careful! If a cat feels it is in danger, it will fight back---just like a wild cat!

According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?

A. Cats started to move around the world from China.

B. Cats get food at night to save energy like wild cats.

C. Cats have a little in common with their wild relatives.

D. Cats were accepted and brought to Europe by Romans.

Where is the topic sentences?

It is often at the beginning of the passage. Sometimes, it is at the end of the passage.

Grade 9 Unit 3 Topic 3 Section D

      Skill 3  （2）

Drawing a mind map(思维导图).

Changing the information you read into a mind map may help you remember and understand it more easily .

                 Passage   (2011)

   Everyone has got two personalities(性格). The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep.

   If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by new ideas. If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets. You worry a lot and you are always easily becoming mad. If you sleep on curled up(蜷缩), you are probably a very nervous person.

                           Personalities

What does the passage tell us?

A. Sleeping on your side is the best way of sleeping.

B. Changing positions will cause sleeping problems.

C. Sleeping positions show people’s secret personalities.

D. Enough sleep makes people look better and healthier.

考查目标 4:

能读懂相应水平的常见题材的读物，课外阅读量累计达到15万词以上。